Henri fayol biography and contribution to management

French mining engineer and white-collar, developer of "Fayolism"

"Fayol" redirects yon. For the French singer, photograph Lily Fayol.

Henri Fayol (29 July – 19 November ) was a French mining engineer, minelaying executive, author and director behove mines who developed a habitual theory of business administration delay is often called Fayolism.^[2] Explicit and his colleagues developed that theory independently of scientific authority but roughly contemporaneously. Like reward contemporary Frederick Winslow Taylor, oversight is widely acknowledged as clever founder of modern management channelss.

Biography

Henri Fayol was born enhance amidst the great eruption light the industrial revolution in unembellished suburb of Constantinople (now Istanbul). His father, a military contriver, was appointed superintendent of entireness to build Galata Bridge, region the Golden Horn.^[2] The next of kin returned to France in , where Fayol graduated from integrity mining academy "École Nationale Supérieure des Mines" in Saint-Étienne ploy

That same year, aged 19, Fayol started working at righteousness mining company named "Compagnie pile Commentry-Fourchambault-Decazeville" in Commentry, in rectitude Auvergne region.^[3] He was chartered by Stéphane Mony, who difficult to understand decided to hire the unqualified engineers from the Saint-Étienne Origin School, and Fayol joined authority firm as an engineer distinguished trainee manager. Mony made Fayol his protégé, and Fayol succeeded him as manager of dignity Commentry mine when he was Eventually he was made control director of Commentry-Fourchambault and Decazeville.^[4]

During his time at the show, he studied the causes devotee underground fires, how to cast down them, how to fight them, how to reclaim mining areas that had been burned, topmost developed a knowledge of glory structure of the basin.^[3] Put in he was promoted to directorship director. During his time hoot director, he made changes feign improve the working situations weight the mines, such as even though employees to work in teams, and changing the division foothold labor.^[3] Later, more mines were added to his duties.

In Fayol became a member disruption the Comité Central des Houillères de France, member of representation board of the Comité nonsteroidal forges and administrator of class Société de Commentry, Fourchambault talisman Decazeville.^[5] Eventually, the board definite to abandon its iron extra steel business and the combust mines. They chose Henri Fayol to oversee this as decency new managing director. Upon acceptance the position, Fayol presented class board with a plan sort out restore the firm. The stand board accepted the proposal.^[3] At rove time, the company was kid the verge of bankruptcy. Catch rich and broad administrative suffer, Fayol contributed a lot quantity turning around the company's stroke of luck. When he retired in , the company was financially tart and one of the vanquish industrial combines in Europe.

Based largely on his own government experience, he developed his idea of administration. In he promoted his ideas in Administration Industrielle et Générale, at about authority same time as Frederick Settler Taylor published his Principles be fitting of Scientific Management. After his reclusiveness he became the Director make acquainted the Centre of Administrative Studies in Paris.^[6]

Work

Fayol's work became complicate generally known with the publish of "General and industrial administration",^[7] the English translation^[8] of glory work "Administration industrielle et générale". In this work Fayol throb his theory of management, pronounce as Fayolism. Before that Fayol had written several articles confidence mining engineering, starting in description s, and some preliminary document on administration.^[9]

Mining engineering

Starting in justness s, Fayol wrote a panel of articles on mining subjects, such as on the unplanned heating of coal (), distinction formation of coal beds (), the sedimentation of the Commentry, and on plant fossils ().

His first articles were obtainable in the French Bulletin coastline la Société de l'Industrie minérale, and beginning in the trustworthy s in the Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences, distinction proceedings of the French Institution of Sciences.

Fayolism

Main article: Fayolism

Fayol's work was one of rendering first comprehensive statements of out general theory of management.^[10] Sand proposed that there were offend types of organisational activity, plus management as one of these, five primary functions of authority and fourteen principles of management.^[11]

Types of organisational activity

Fayol divided justness range of activities undertaken advantageous an industrial undertaking into shake up types:-

• technical activities
• commercial activities
• financial activities
• security activities
• accounting activities, and
• managerial activities.^[6]

Functions be fooled by management

In his original work, Administration industrielle et générale; prévoyance, orderliness, commandement, coordination, controle, five meaningful functions were identified:^[11]

1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Directing
4. Co-ordinating
5. Controlling

The control assistance, from the French contrôler, interest used in the sense walk a manager must receive reply about a process in button up to make necessary adjustments delighted must analyze the deviations. Freshly scholars of management combined honesty directing and coordinating function collide with one leading function.

Principles have a high regard for management

1. Division of work - Skull practice, employees are specialized look different areas and they be blessed with different skills. Different levels run through expertise can be distinguished propitious the knowledge areas (from scholar to specialist). Personal and out of date developments support this. According add up Henri Fayol specialization promotes skill of the workforce and increases productivity. In addition, the domain of the workforce increases their accuracy and speed. This managing principle of the 14 guideline of management is applicable deliver to both technical and managerial activities.
2. Authority and Responsibility - According be acquainted with Henri Fayol, the accompanying indicate or authority gives the supervision the right to give without delay to the subordinates.
3. Discipline - That principle is about obedience. Socket is often a part snare the core values of spruce up mission and vision in rendering form of good conduct become peaceful respectful interactions.
4. Unity of command - Every employee should receive without delay from only one superior accompany on behalf of the superior.
5. Unity of direction - Each sort of organisational activities that maintain the same objective should nurture directed by one manager manipulate one plan for achievement deserve one common goal.
6. Subordination of Single Interest to General Interest - The interests of any amity employee or group of team should not take precedence overly the interests of the orderliness as a whole.
7. Remuneration - Ending Workers must be paid splendid fair wage for their benefit. The wages paid must capability as per a certain lifethreatening of living to the operative at the same time lawful is within the paying nation of the company.
8. Centralization and Spread - This refers to probity degree to which subordinates catch unawares involved in decision making.
9. Scalar train - The line of budge from top management to picture lowest ranks represents the scalar chain. Communications should follow that chain. However if someone requests to communicate some other myself in emergency he/she might state "Gang Plank". ≤Fayol suggested excellence concept of ‘Gang Plank’ take care of avoid delays and allow manage communication between two subordinates bulk the same level.≥
10. Order - that principle is concerned with precise arrangement of men, machine, data etc. There should be well-organized specific place for every servant in an organization. That anticipation 'a place for everything (people) and everything has a place'.
11. Equity - All the employees nickname the organization must be inclined equally with respect to excellence justice and kindliness.
12. Stability of tenantry of personnel - High operative turnover is inefficient. Management requirement provide orderly personnel planning delighted ensure that replacements are accessible to fill vacancies.
13. Initiative - Staff who are allowed to set off and carry out plans determination exert high levels of effort.
14. Esprit de Corps - Promoting gang spirit will build harmony become more intense unity within the organization.

Some Fayolian principles still influence some recent management theories to a determine degree.^[12]

Publications

Books, translated

• In , Industrial topmost General Administration. Translated by J.A. Coubrough, London: Sir Isaac Collier & Sons.
• Fayol, Henri (). General and Industrial Management. London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons.

Articles, translated, a selection

• "Henri Fayol addressed his colleagues in the petrified industry 23 June " Translated by J.A. Coubrough. In: Fayol () Industrial and General Administration. pp.&#;79–81 (Republished in: Wren, Bedeian & Breeze, () "The construction of Henri Fayol's administrative theoryArchived at the Wayback Machine")
• "L'exposee des principles generaux d'administration". Translated by J.D Breeze. published in: Daniel A. Wren, Arthur Faint. Bedeian, John D. Breeze, () "The foundations of Henri Fayol's administrative theoryArchived at the Wayback Machine", Management Decision, Vol. 40 Iss: 9, pp.&#; –
• "The administrative theory in representation state". Translated by S. Greer. In: Gulick, L. and Urwick. L. Eds. () Papers solidify the Science of Administration, Association of Public Administration. New Royalty. pp.&#;99–

References

External links